Phreatophyte

The relationship between groundwater recharge and discharge is one of the most important aspects in the protection of ecologically valuable areas. Knowledge of groundwater systems is therefore a pre-requisite for up-to-date integrated land and water management. A methodology is presented for assessing the relative importance of different recharge-discharge systems, with respect to ecological ...

Solar-forced diurnal regulation of cave drip rates via phreatophyte evapotranspiration. Abstract. We present results of a detailed study of drip rate variations at 12 drip discharge sites in Glory Hole Cave, New South Wales, Australia. Our novel time series analysis, using the wavelet synchrosqueezed transform, reveals pronounced oscillations ...Groundwater depths affect nutrient resorption of desert phreatophyte. Figure 1. Changes in the P concentrations in leaf, stem, and assimilating branch of A. sparsifolia at 2.5, 4.5, and 11.0 m ...Abstract. We investigated hydraulic constraints on water uptake by velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina Woot.) at a site with sandy-loam soil and at a site with loamy-clay soil in southeastern Arizona, USA.We predicted that trees on sandy-loam soil have less negative xylem and soil water potentials during drought and a lower resistance to xylem …A phreatophyte is one that absorbs its water from a constant source on the ground. They can usually be found along streams where there is a steady flow of surface or groundwater in areas where the water table is near the surface. Nov 27, 2014 · Our analysis of groundwater level data, soil profiles, and vegetation characteristics at two typical phreatophyte-dominated sites (Tamarix ramosissima and Populus euphratica) located in hyper-arid desert environments in northwestern China indicates that groundwater evapotranspiration is an important factor that controls hydrologic processes in ...

Soil nutrients are vital for plant growth and survival and present a crucial role in terrestrial function and productivity. However, little is known about the effect mechanism of groundwater table on soil nutrients in an arid desert ecological system. This study investigated the impacts of groundwater depth on the concentrations of soil organic …Chinaberrytree, China Tree, or Umbrella Tree. Chinaberry or Melia azedarach is native to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. It was introduced into the United States in the mid-1800s for ornamental purposes. The Asian Chinaberry is a small tree, 20 to 40 feet tall with a spreading crown.Yucca brevifolia, commonly known as Joshua tree, is a large, slow-growing, evergreen, tree form yucca native only to the Mojave Desert of the southwestern United States. It is found growing at elevations between 1,600-7,200' on open, rocky grasslands where they visually dominate the landscape. Mature individuals usually reach around 15-30' tall ...Jan 1, 2013 · 1 Phreatophytes: Definition, Distribution, and Identification. The term “phreatophyte” derives from the classical Greek word “φρεαρ” (well, cistern). Daly ( 1917) used the term “phreatic water” as a synonym for groundwater for all water in the zone of water saturation. Meinzer ( 1923) coined the term “phreatophyte” for “a ... perennial phreatophyte grown in arid and semi-arid regions. between oasis and deserts, Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. can stabilize. sand dunes, prevent land erosion, and thus support fragile.Phreatophyte. a plant with an extremely deep root system that uses groundwater as its source of moisture. A classical example is the date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera ), which grows on oases in the Sahara and the Arabian Peninsula. (An ancient Arabic proverb says that the date palm has its head in fire and its feet in water.)The short-term and long-term ecological responses of phreatophyte communities to water table change have rarely been investigated. Phreatophytes respond in a variety of ways to water table decline, but both the magnitude and rate of water table decline can affect vegetation, and thus ET response.Estimating recharge from precipitation in a given HA is difficult and often has significant uncertainty, therefore it is often quantified by estimating the natural discharge. As such, remote sensing applications for spatially distributing flux tower estimates of ET and groundwater ET (ET g) across phreatophyte areas are becoming more common. We ...

While seasonal redistribution of fine root biomass in response to fluctuations in groundwater level is often inferred in phreatophytic plants, few studies have observed the in situ growth dynamics of deep roots relative to those near the surface. We investigated the root growth dynamics of two Banks …Increased groundwater demand is causing aquifer declines that impact viability of groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) like springs and phreatophyte communities. To understand which springs and phreatophyte communities may be stressed by groundwater level declines in Oregon and Nevada, we assessed groundwater level trends in nearby monitoring wells. Very few springs and phreatophyte ...Adaptations of Desert Annuals. Desert annuals are plants that adapt to desert conditions by completing their lifecycle when there is sparse rainfall, and then all the parts of the plant die. The desert annuals grow, the flower produces seeds and then dies. The seeds lie dormant until the conditions are favorable for growth.Diurnal water table fluctuation is considered the evidence and indicator of groundwater evapotranspiration by phreatophytes in arid areas. Based on the ...phren: ( fren ), 1. Synonym(s): diaphragm (1) 2. The mind. [G. phrēn, the diaphragm, mind, heart (as seat of emotions)]

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Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a perennial, single-stemmed, large-boled, medium-sized to tall tree to 30 m high (Bren and Gibbs, 1986), although some authors (e.g. Boland, 1984; Brooker et al., 2002) record trees to 45 m. According to Jacobs (1955) river red gum could reach ages of 500 to 1000 years.Zhang et al. Stoichiometry of Phreatophyte Affected by Groundwater Depth FIGURE 3 | Variations in leaf C, N, and P stoichiometry of A. sparsifolia at varying groundwater depths of 2.5, 4.5, and 11 ...A phreatophyte is one that absorbs its water from a constant source on the ground. They can usually be found along streams where there is a steady flow of surface or groundwater in areas where the water table is near the surface. 2) Eve’s necklace (Styphnolobium affine) Eve’s necklace is a low-maintenance plant with a moderate rate of growth. Cody Stricker / CC BY 4.0. Naturally found in the prairies, plains, meadows, savannas, and …

Watering: Arizona sycamore is an obligate phreatophyte that needs at least access to ground water in its native habitat to thrive, thus we consider it to be a mesic landscape tree that does best in Phoenix with regular applications of supplemental irrigation.Phreatophyte distributions can be used as indicators for soil type, hydraulic connectivity , and depth to groundwater . In W estern Kansas, areas with good hydraulic connectivityBackground and aims As one of the key determinants of water availability in arid regions, groundwater plays an essential role in regulating biodiversity, key ecosystem processes and functioning. Meanwhile, biodiversity is known to modulate ecosystem functions. Numerous studies have focused on the links between aboveground …1. Introduction. Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels or argan formerly named Sideroxylon spinosum (Morton and Voss, 1987) is an evergreen tree that belongs to the Sapotaceae family.It is also the only representative of the Argania genus (Fennane and Tattou, 2008).This specie is endemic to Morocco, and located in the west-central part, …Evapotranspiration rates and the ground water component of evapotranspiration at a site in Colorado's San Luis Valley that is dominated by shrubby phreatophytes (greasewood and rabbitbrush) were compared before and after a water table drawdown. Evapotranspiration (ET) rates at the site were first measured in 1985–1987 …The idea of using diurnal water table monitoring data to estimate groundwater evapotranspiration (ET G) from phreatophyte vegetation was proposed by White ().During a field investigation in Escalante Valley, Utah, United States, he observed that the groundwater level began to drop at the same hour every morning and started to rise at approximately the same hour every night.Potential water savings by phreatophyte control are calculated for step functions that are representative of deep-rooted vegetation, shallow-rooted vegetation, and bare soil. In addition to the depth from which groundwater can be evaporated before and after phreatophyte removal the water savings are affected by the vertical distance between the ...Of phreatophyte communities near analyzed wells, 48% and 57% were near wells with declining trends in Nevada and Oregon, respectively. Differences among GDE types could reflect more groundwater ...Located in the center of Eurasia Continent (Fig. 1 a), Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan) covers approximately 4 × 10 6 km 2, and is the core region of the Silk Road Economic Belt.The study area has a typical temperate continental climate with less rainfall, high evaporation and dry climate (Bai et …This project was designed to control non-native russian olives and salt cedars (phreatophytes) in an effort to conserve water and promote healthy ecosystems ...Translation of "phreatophytic" into French . phréatophyte is the translation of "phreatophytic" into French. Sample translated sentence: Before vegetation senescence, Kc,GW increased between precipitation events, suggesting phreatophytes pull more water from the saturated zone as soil moisture decreases. ↔ Avant la sénescence végétale, Kc,GW augmente entre les évènements pluvieux, ce ...supply, to include the "phreatophyte problem". In fact, it was pointed out by Douglas (1954, p. 8-12) that the word "phreato­ phyte" is becoming a term that the laymen find convenient for designating a group of destructive enemies that formerly were regarded merely as nuisances. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Alhagi sparsifolia is a semi-shrub legume and a typical desert phreatophyte. The main objective of this review is to disseminate research-based knowledge and improve awareness of this important plant species and provide a framework that could effectively improve regional socio-ecological environments, particularly in controlling desertification ...

Groundwater is a significant component of the hydrological cycle in arid and semi-arid areas. Its evapotranspiration is an important part of the water budget because many plants are groundwater-dependent. To restore the degraded ecosystems, the need is pressing to further our understanding of the groundwater evapotranspiration (ETg) in arid …Seasonal Water Acquisition and Redistribution in the Australian Woody Phreatophyte, Banksia prionotes Author links open overlay panel STEPHEN S.O. BURGESS a f1 , JOHN S. PATE a , MARK A. ADAMS a , TODD E. DAWSON bEcological stoichiometry is an important aspect in the analysis of the changes in ecological system composition, structure, and function and understanding of plant adaptation in habitats. Leaf carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) concentrations in desert phreatophytes can be affected by different depths of groundwater through its effect on the adsorption and utilization of nutrient and ...phren-: , phren-phreni-phrenico- 1. The diaphragm. 2. The mind. 3. The phrenic nerve. [G. phrēn, diaphragm, mind, heart (as seat of emotions)]Honey mesquite is a facultative phreatophyte which extracts moisture from a large volume of soil through a well-developed root system [8,81,171]. Honey mesquite's taproot commonly reaches depths of 40 feet (12 m) when subsurface water is available , though a taproot 190 feet (58 m) deep has been observed .Responses of phreatophyte transpiration to falling water table in hyper-arid and arid regions, Northwest China. 2021, China Geology. Show abstract. Quantitative assessment of the impact of groundwater depletion on phreatophytes in (hyper-) arid regions is key to sustainable groundwater management. However, a parsimonious model for …Seed can be collected from ripe fruits in the late spring and summer and will keep for as long as 8 years in a dry indoor environment. These plants grow best in dry to lightly moist and well-drained soil. The substrate can be sandy, gravel, or rocky but neutral to alkaline soils are preferred. The creosote plant is extremely drought resistant ...Creosote bush is not commonly available at garden centers and nurseries, but you can grow it from seed. The plant produces fuzzy capsules containing the seed. The method for growing creosote plants requires soaking seeds in boiling water to break through the heavy seed coat. Soak them for a day and then plant one seed per 2-inch (5 cm.) pot.U.S. Geological Survey. 2730 N. Deer Run Road. Carson City, Nevada 89701. Declining water levels and reduced natural discharge at springs, seeps, and phreatophyte areas primarily are the result of decades of groundwater development in the Death Valley regional flow system, in Nevada and California. A calibrated groundwater-flow model was used ... Similarly, root distribution and water uptake studies of a phreatophyte desert shrub in Northern China showed that this plant utilizes shallow- and deep-water reservoirs for growth. In contrast, the non-phreatophytic desert shrub only uses water from the surface soil areas [ 15 ].

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During 1967-71, 15,800 acres of flood-plain vegetation were cleared from a 26-mile reach of the Gila River valley and a 9-mile reach of the San Carlos River valley. Both areas are on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, Arizona. The area cleared in the Gila River valley included the Gila River Phreatophyte Project and the clearing was conducted as …the phreatophyte . Sarcobatus vermiculatus (common name greasewood) was accessing and utilizing groundwater resources while the other three species on site, Chrysothamnus nauseosus (rabbitbrush), Artemisia tridentata (sagebrush), and . Atriplex confertifolia (shadscale), appeared1. Introduction [2] Periodic undulations of the water table create gravity-driven, hierarchically nested flow systems, i.e., local, intermediate and regional flow systems in drainage basins [Tóth, 1963].Even in homogeneous and isotropic basins, the distribution of groundwater velocity in such nested flow systems is extremely heterogeneous and …The vertical root distribution of riparian vegetation plays a relevant role in soil water balance, in the partition of water fluxes into evaporation and transpiration, in the biogeochemistry of hyporheic corridors, in river morphodynamics evolution, and in bioengineering applications. The aim of this work is to assess the effect of the stochastic variability of the river level on the root ...1. Introduction [2] Periodic undulations of the water table create gravity-driven, hierarchically nested flow systems, i.e., local, intermediate and regional flow systems in drainage basins [Tóth, 1963].Even in homogeneous and isotropic basins, the distribution of groundwater velocity in such nested flow systems is extremely heterogeneous and …Dec 15, 2022 · Increased groundwater demand is causing aquifer declines that impact viability of groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) like springs and phreatophyte communities. To understand which springs and phreatophyte communities may be stressed by groundwater level declines in Oregon and Nevada, we assessed groundwater level trends in nearby monitoring wells. Very few springs and phreatophyte ... Phreatophytes are plants that depend for their water supply upon ground water that lies within reach of their roots. Although not confined to the arid regions of the Western United States, their occurrence there is more common, more spectacular, and, because of their effect on water supply, more important than it is in humid and subhumid regions. Soil nutrients are vital for plant growth and survival and present a crucial role in terrestrial function and productivity. However, little is known about the effect mechanism of groundwater table on soil nutrients in an arid desert ecological system. This study investigated the impacts of groundwater depth on the concentrations of soil organic carbon (C), available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P ...Annals of Botany 85 : 215–224, 2000 doi : 10.1006}anbo.1999.1019, available online at http:}}www.idealibrary.com on Seasonal Water Acquisition and Redistribution in the Australian Woody Phreatophyte, Banksia prionotes S T E P H E N S. O. B U R G E S S*†, J O H N S. P A T E†, M A R K A.The wind erosion in phreatophyte shrubland decreased by 1234 t/km 2 /a, 720 t/km 2 /a, 1171 t/km 2 /a and 2348 t/km 2 /a during the 2030s, 2050s, 2070s and 2090s, respectively (Table 5). Notably, soil loss from wind erosion in grassland, irrigate cropland and rainfed cropland increased continuously in the 21st century, especially under the RCP8 ... ….

Effects of phreatophyte removal on water quality in the Gila River Phreatophyte Project area, Graham County, Arizona January 1, 1977 View Document. View Plate. View Plate. No abstract available. Citation Information. Publication Year: 1977: Title:Therefore, being an anisohydric phreatophyte in arid and semiarid regions seems to be a risky option, which can only be overcome by the resilience capacity of the plants (Hultine et al., 2020). Different responses observed in Z. lotus transpiration rates could also be generated by differences in xylem traits (Attia et al., 2015).Ecological stoichiometry is an important aspect in the analysis of the changes in ecological system composition, structure, and function and understanding of plant adaptation in habitats. Leaf carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) concentrations in desert phreatophytes can be affected by diff …The Invasive Species Program has identified numerous actual and potential invasive species from which we strive to protect California’s wildlands and waterways. Many invaders have already established populations in various regions of California and occur in different stages of the invasion process. We aim to prevent the spread of these ...Gum Trees (Eucalyptus) Gum trees are perhaps the most famous species of pyrophyte. As active pyrophytes, these widely grown plants produce oil that is most commonly known for its pleasing aroma — but this same oil is highly flammable. Some gum trees have even exploded during intense fires. Gum trees have a quick recovery from fires, and are ...Phreatophyte/Watershed Management Plan, which is currently being developed. We are writing to express our interest and concern, on behalf of our staff and our 1,600 members, in regards to the New Mexico Statewide Strategic Plan for Non-Native Phreatophyte/Watershed Management and are providingCost. $6 per ton. If you would like to view the specific rule language, you can view the laws here (and scroll down to "Chapter 7") or the Native Plant Rules. (see pages 41 - 51) If you have any questions or concerns, please contact the Arizona Department of Agriculture, Native Plant Enforcement at (602) 364-0907 or [email protected]. What does phreatophyte mean? Information and translations of phreatophyte in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Login .19! phreatophyte, B. attenuata, has a faster rate of root elongation than the obligate 20! phreatophyte, B. littoralis. These differences are likely related to the contrasting habitat 21! preferences of the two species. Older seedlings in the second experiment demonstrated aAs nouns the difference between water and phreatophyte is that water is while phreatophyte is (biology) any plant, typically living in deserts, that obtains its water from long taproots that reach the water table. Phreatophyte, Another class of desert plant is the phreatophyte. These have adapted to the environment by the development of long taproots that penetrate downward until they approach the assured water supply provided by groundwater. Among these plants are the date palm, tamarisk, and mesquite. They commonly grow near stream channels, springs, or on the …, There is broad experimental evidence that phreatophyte vegetation, i.e., plants relying on water from the phreatic aquifer, affects the average depth and the diurnal fluctuations of the local water table, as suggested by significant increases in water table elevation (or ''watering up'' [Dubé et al., 1995]) subsequent to the removal of ..., Groundwater is a main water source for phreatophytes in arid and semiarid areas. Evapotranspiration partitioning shows that transpiration accounts for the majority of evapotranspiration [4,5].Over the past few decades, vegetation coverage has displayed a large increase because of the multiple ecological restoration programs including the grain for green and afforestation in some arid areas of ..., Subject matter experts then reviewed the combination of ecoregion location and dominant species names against published lists of phreatophytes to determine (1) if the dominant species was a listed phreatophyte, and if so, (2) was likely to be phreatophytic in that ecoregion or likely to rely on surface water, precipitation, or other non ..., A single, 20-year-old mountain big sagebrush plant in Montana produced an average of 115,400 seeds/year for 3 years [ 255 ]. At Salt Creek, Utah, mountain big sagebrush averaged 17 inflorescences/plant with an average of 102 flowering heads/inflorescence. It averaged 452 seeds/branch [ 235 ]., perennial phreatophyte grown in arid and semi-arid regions between oasis and deserts, Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. can stabilize sand dunes, prevent land erosion, and thus support fragile, During 1967-71, 15,800 acres of flood-plain vegetation were cleared from a 26-mile reach of the Gila River valley and a 9-mile reach of the San Carlos River valley. Both areas are on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation, Arizona. The area cleared in the Gila River valley included the Gila River Phreatophyte Project and the clearing was conducted as prescribed by the experimental design of that, Hydrographs from shallow wells in vegetated riparian zones frequently display a distinctive pattern of diurnal water table fluctuations produced by variations in plant water use. A multisite investigation assessed the major controls on these, Graf, W., Patten, D. & Turner, B. (1984) Issues concerning phreatophyte clearing, revegetation, and water savings along the Gila River, Arizona. Arizona State University, Arizona 85287. A report submitted in partial fulfillment of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Contract DACW09-83-M-2623., A natural abundance hydrogen stable isotope technique was used to study seasonal changes in source water utilization and water movement in the xylem of dimorphic root systems and stem bases of several woody shrubs or trees in mediterranean-type ecosystems of south Western Australia. Samples collected from the native treeBanksia prionotes over 18 months indicated that shallow lateral roots and ..., Jan 1, 2000 · The estimated phreatophyte plant cover then was used to estimate annual ground-water evapotranspiration. Detailed estimates of summer, winter, and annual ground-water evapotranspiration for areas with different ranges of phreatophyte plant cover were prepared for each valley. , In this phreatophyte-dominated desert, sufficient pre-growing season precipitation leads to more germination and growth of shallow-rooted annual plants. When the soil is subsequently frequently recharged, the herbaceous component will remain active (Reynolds and others 2004 ; Collins and others 2008 ) and strongly affect the carbon balance of ..., 6 mins to read. Larrea tridentata is a plant that is also known as creosote bush, greasewood, chaparral, and gobernadora in the Mexican desert and it can survive extreme drought while growing healthy bushes. It belongs to the Zygophyllaceae family of flowering plants. This plant exhibits the ability to secure more water by preventing the growth ..., Yucca brevifolia, commonly known as Joshua tree, is a large, slow-growing, evergreen, tree form yucca native only to the Mojave Desert of the southwestern United States. It is found growing at elevations between 1,600-7,200' on open, rocky grasslands where they visually dominate the landscape. Mature individuals usually reach around 15-30' tall ..., The estimated phreatophyte plant cover then was used to estimate annual ground-water evapotranspiration. Detailed estimates of summer, winter, and annual ground-water evapotranspiration for areas with different ranges of phreatophyte plant cover were prepared for each valley. The estimated ground-water discharge from 15 valleys, …, Jun 1, 2021 · Considering that Z. lotus is a facultative phreatophyte that constitutes GDEs in arid regions (Guirado et al., 2018; Tirado, 2009; Torres-García et al., 2021), water availability might not be a limiting factor for growing during the dry season. We observed that LSs can emerge at any time of the growing season, although preferably they do this ... , Known as chaparral, greasewood, or its Spanish name, gobernadora, creosotebush ( Larrea tridentate) is a popular plant in the medicinal plant community. This three to eight foot tall shrub has been used for centuries to treat many kinds of infections and ailments. Crinkled yellow flowers appear in late spring and last through much of the summer ..., Prosopis juliflora is a xerophytic, nitrogen-fixing plant distributed in arid and semi-arid regions. The fruits of this plant are pods, which have seeds inside, and both pods and seeds have high nutritional value and bioactive potential. Different derivatives can be obtained from the pods and seeds: …, Nichols, W. D. 1994. Groundwater discharge by phreatophyte shrubs in the Great Basin as related to depth to groundwater. Water Resources Research 30:3265-3274. Article Google Scholar Oppenheimer, H. R. 1960. Adaptations to drought: xerophytism. p. 105-138.In Plant-Water Relationships in Arid and Semi-Arid Conditions. UNESCO, Paris, France., USGS Publications Warehouse, Subject matter experts then reviewed the combination of ecoregion location and dominant species names against published lists of phreatophytes to determine (1) if the dominant species was a listed phreatophyte, and if so, (2) was likely to be phreatophytic in that ecoregion or likely to rely on surface water, precipitation, or other non ... , of phreatophyte plant species and the literature sources. Using the class descriptions documented for Shrub Map and GAP data sets (table 1), land-cover classes that included phreatophytic plants were identified by comparing the dominant species recorded for each class against the list of phreatophytic spe-, I intend to utilize the following posts to share some of my highlights, lowlights, and lessons learned about and aboard my 1978 Yamaha 25 sailboat. Having launched her over the long weekend I promptly got straight to the good stuff. My girlfreind, dog, and I cruised downwind up-river for two..., Phreatophytes Typically, the vegetation is a mixed assemblage of obligate and facultative phreatophytes—deeply rooted plants that obtain water directly from the stream or from groundwater in the alluvial aquifer. From: Riparia, 2005 Add to Mendeley GULF COAST RIVERS OF THE SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES CLIFFORD N. DAHM, ..., Phreatophytes are plants with temporary or permanent access to groundwater. Despite distinct interspecific differences, many phreatophytes share the following traits: …, I intend to utilize the following posts to share some of my highlights, lowlights, and lessons learned about and aboard my 1978 Yamaha 25 sailboat. Having launched her over the long weekend I promptly got straight to the good stuff. My girlfreind, dog, and I cruised downwind up-river for two..., An official website of the United States government. Here's how you know, Zhang et al. Stoichiometry of Phreatophyte Affected by Groundwater Depth FIGURE 3 | Variations in leaf C, N, and P stoichiometry of A. sparsifolia at varying groundwater depths of 2.5, 4.5, and 11 ..., Methods To demonstrate HR, we present data on patterns of sap flow in the stems or branches and lateral roots of those two phreatophyte species and soil volumetric moisture content where these ..., Grants.gov(link is external) Grants.gov is a central storehouse for information on over 1,000 grant programs and provides access to approximately $500 billion in annual awards. Site is searchable and contains summary information on all federal funding opportunities with links to the full announcements., Zhang et al. Stoichiometry of Phreatophyte Affected by Groundwater Depth FIGURE 3 | Variations in leaf C, N, and P stoichiometry of A. sparsifolia at varying groundwater depths of 2.5, 4.5, and 11 ..., Oct 13, 2020 · MISSION STATEMENT. The mission of the Montezuma County Noxious Weed Program is to implement a coordinated undesirable plant program utilizing integrated management methods to ensure that all lands within Montezuma County are effectively managed to meet the intent of the Colorado Noxious Weed Act. Management methods include, but are not limited ... , Alhagi sparsifolia is a semi-shrub legume and a typical desert phreatophyte. The main objective of this review is to disseminate research-based knowledge and improve awareness of this important plant species and provide a framework that could effectively improve regional socio-ecological environments, particularly in controlling desertification ...