Pr 49 denial code

Reason/Remark Code Lookup. Use the Code Lookup to find the narrative for ANSI Claim Adjustment Reason Codes (CARC) and Remittance Advice Remark Codes (RARC). You can also search for Part A Reason Codes. Claim Adjustment Reason Codes explain why a claim was paid differently than it was billed.

Avoiding denial reason code PR 49 FAQ Q: We received a denial with claim adjustment reason code (CARC) PR 49. What steps can we take to avoid this denial? …Reason Code 114: Transportation is only covered to the closest facility that can provide the necessary care. Reason Code 115: ESRD network support adjustment. Reason Code 116: Benefit maximum for this time period or occurrence has been reached. Reason Code 117: Patient is covered by a managed care plan. Description. Reason Code: 109. Claim/service not covered by this payer/contractor. You must send the claim/service to the correct payer/contractor. Remark Code: N130. Consult plan benefit documents/guidelines for information about restrictions for this service.PR Meaning: Patient Responsibility (patient is financially liable). A provider is prohibited from billing a Medicare beneficiary for any adjustment amount identified with a CO group code, but may bill a beneficiary for an adjustment amount identified with a PR group code. For example, reporting of reason code 50 with group code PR (patient ...Enter the ANSI Reason or Remark Code from your Remittance Advice into the search field below. The tool will provide the remittance message for the denial and the possible causes and resolution. NOTE: This tool was created for common billing errors. Not all denial scenarios are included. Some reason codes may provide multiple resolutions.We have added a tool to prepare notes in the below highlighted scenarios (in bold). You will find this tool at the bottom of each scenari...

Enter the Claim Adjustment Reason Code (CARC) shown on the primary payer's remittance advice. This is a 4-digit field. This must be a valid code. If the CARC code is a 2 (coinsurance amount), enter a "2", not "02". NOTE: CARC codes explain why there is a difference between the total billed amount and the paid amount. The word 'adjustment' in ...Reason codes, and the text messages that define those codes, are used to explain why a ... 49 These are non-covered services because this is a routine exam or screening procedure done in conjunction with a routine exam. ... 64 Denial reversed per Medical Review. 65 Procedure code was incorrect. This payment reflects the correct code.What does denial code MA04 mean? Remark Code MA04 Definition: Secondary payment cannot be considered without the identity of or payment information from the primary payer. The information was either not reported or was illegible. Primary insurance information was included on the claim, but it was incomplete or invalid. ... What does PR 49 ...Jan 11, 2021 · How to Avoid Future Denials. If the record on file is incorrect, the beneficiary's family/estate must contact Social Security to have records corrected at 800-772-1213. View common reasons for Reason 31 denials, the next steps to correct such a denial, and how to avoid it in the future. CO 19 Denial Code - This is a work-related injury/illness and thus the liability of the Worker's Compensation Carrier; CO 20 and CO 21 Denial Code; CO 23 Denial Code - The impact of prior payer(s) adjudication including payments and/or adjustments; CO 26 CO 27 and CO 28 Denial Codes; CO 31 Denial Code- Patient cannot be identified as our ...CO 109 Denial Code - Service Not Covered by this Payer (2023) September 26, 2023 by NSingh (MBA, RCM Expert) Denials are playing a very important part in medical Billing, If denials are handled very carefully then revenue increased automatically. CO 109 Denial Code is a common denial in RCM so we learn how to handle this denial.I'm told by my in-house Medicare expert, that Dx in the range of 520-525 will cause a denial by Medicare of an E/M procedure (99201-215). She has shown me EOBs with the denial code PR-49. I scratch my head over this regularly, because the "definition" for 49 states, "These are non-covered services because this is a routine exam or screening ...Denial code co - 50 : These are non covered services because this is not deemed a "medical necessity" by the payer. Explanation and solution : It means that Medicare thinks that the submitted procedure not required to perform. Check the DX or submit the claims with Medical records. Glycosylated Hemoglobin A1C: Medical Necessity Denials

For codes from the medical section of CPT they must put "evaluation and treatment" (AKA "consultation and treatment") as the service type, and for any codes from the surgical sections they have to use "outpatient surgery." ... Humana's system may want to attach it to a different one than the one we've attached, and this will cause a denial ...CO 226 mcr denial code. Hi, what should we do if we get a denial from medicare "CO-226 N29" Any help would be greatly appreciated. May 21st, 2012 - youngblood 278 . re: CO 226 mcr denial code. 226 Information requested from the Billing/Rendering Provider was not provided or was ...Mar 8, 2018 · The Reason code on the EOB is "PR-49 This is a non-covered service because it is a routine/preventive exam or a diagnostic/screening procedure done in conjunction with a routine/preventive exam." The physician tends to use that Z76.89 Dx code as first listed for our new patient appointments. However, I did have another denial where that was not ... If you have received the denial code CO-119 or PR - 119, the KX modifier can be used to bill beyond the therapy threshold for Medicare patients. The KX modifier is used to indicate medical necessity of services. Each charge must include the KX modifier. You do not have to obtain prior authorization to use this modifier.Yes, but if that's the case, the payer should be using a CO-243 denial code, not PR-243. 0 SharonCollachi Guest. Messages 2,169 Location Clovis, CA Best answers 3. Jan 15, 2021 #6 thomas7331 said: Yes, but if that's the case, the payer should be using a CO-243 denial code, not PR-243. Click to expand...

Nitrous refills.

Denial code PR 49, CO 236 how to prevent the denial Avoiding denial reason code PR 49 FAQ Q: We received a denial with claim adjustment reason code (CARC) PR 49.Best answers. 0. Oct 5, 2012. #2. You can find denial codes at Wasington Publishing company. I found this on their site unde claim adjustment reason codes: B7 - This provider was not certified/eligible to be paid for this procedure/service on this date of service. Note: Refer to the 835 Healthcare Policy Identification Segment (loop 2110 ...How to Avoid denial code PR 49 Q: We received a denial with claim adjustment reason code (CARC) PR 49. What steps can we take to avoid this denial? Routine examinations and related services are not covered. A: You received this denial because the service is a routine/preventive exam, or a diagnostic/screening procedure done in conjunction with ...15-Mar-2022 ... Same denial code can be adjustment as well as patient responsibility. For example PR 45, We could bill patient but for CO 45, its a adjustment ...Definitions. CARC: Claim Adjustment Reason Codes communicate an adjustment, meaning that they must communicate why a claim or service line was paid differently than it was billed.If there is no adjustment to a claim/line, then there is no adjustment reason code. RARC: Remittance Advice Remark Codes are used to provide additional explanation for an adjustment already described by a Claim ...BCBS insurance denial codes differ state to state and we could not refer one state denial code to other denial. Here we have list some of th... Venipuncture CPT codes - 36415, 36416, G0471

Denial claim - CO 97 - CO 97 Payment adjusted because this procedure/service is not paid separately. If appropriate, resubmit your claim after appending a modifier and/or correcting your procedure code or other details on the claim. Total global period is either one or eleven days ** Count the day of the surgery and the appropriate number of days (either 0 or 10) immediately following the day ...CO 19 Denial Code - This is a work-related injury/illness and thus the liability of the Worker's Compensation Carrier; CO 20 and CO 21 Denial Code; CO 23 Denial Code - The impact of prior payer(s) adjudication including payments and/or adjustments; CO 26 CO 27 and CO 28 Denial Codes; CO 31 Denial Code- Patient cannot be identified as our ...Missing or Invalid Service Codes (CPT, HCPCS, Revenue Codes, etc.) which have not been provided after the payer has made a follow-up request for the information The complete list of codes for reporting the reasons for denials can be found in the X12 Claim Adjustment Reason Code set, referenced in the in the Health Care Claim …What is denial code PR 49? › Q: We received a denial with claim adjustment reason code (CARC) PR 49. What steps can we take to avoid this denial? This is a non-covered service because it is a routine or preventive exam, or a diagnostic/screening procedure done in conjunction with a routine or preventive exam.PR-27. This denial code indicates that the patient policy wasn't active on the date of service. This implies that the healthcare services may have been rendered after the patient's insurance policy was terminated. ... What does PR 49 denial code? This is a non-covered service because it is a routine or preventive exam, or a diagnostic/screening ...242 Services not provided by network/primary care providers. Reason for this denial PR 242: If your Provider is Not Contracted for this member's plan. Supplies or DME codes are only payable to Authorized DME Providers. Non- Member Provider.Reason Codes: Provide information about claims decisions Explain why a claim was paid differently than it was billed CO, PR Remark Codes: Numerical codes that further explain the denial Indicate if/why appeal rights apply B, M, MOA, and NNational Drug Code (NDC) Drug Quantity Institutional Professional Drug Quantity (Loop 2410, CTP Segment) is missing. When an NDC number in submitted in LIN03, the associated quantity is required in CTP04. Add the drug quantity and resubmit. National Drug Code (NDC) Invalid Institutional Professional National Drug Code Identification (Loop 2410, LINSection 49 in The Indian Penal Code. 49. “Year”, “Month”.—Wherever the word “year” or the word “month” is used, it is to be understood that the year or the month is to be reckoned …Avoiding denial reason code PR 49 FAQ Q: We received a denial with claim adjustment reason code (CARC) PR 49. What steps can we take to avoid this denial? Routine examinations and related services are not covered. A: This denial is received when the claim is for a routine/preventive exam or a diagnostic/screening procedure, done in conjunction ...

Permanent Redirect. The document has moved here.

The denial code CO 27 revolves around the expenses that are incurred after the coverage is terminated. The denial code CO 50 is about the non-covered services as these are not deemed a medical necessity by the concerned payer. The denial code CO 96 revolves around non-covered charges while the denial code CO 97 is about service and its benefit ...(use group codes pr or co depending on liability). 49 these are non-covered services because this is a routine exam or screening procedure done in conjunction with a routine exam. ... eapg denial. revenue code requires hcpcs code on same line. ec global fee; included in encounter rate m80July 20, 2022 by medicalbillingrcm. Denial code PR 119 means in medical billing is a benefit for the patient has been reached the maximum for this time period or occurrence has been reached. Maximum benefit met means services provided to the patient have been exhausted in terms of money or visits. Medicare has specific instructions for certain ...How to Avoid denial code PR 49 Q: We received a denial with claim adjustment reason code (CARC) PR 49. What steps can we take to avoid this denial? Routine examinations and related services are not covered. A: You received this denial because the service is a routine/preventive exam, or a diagnostic/screening procedure done in conjunction with ...Pr 187 Denial Code? August 24, 2022 by Admin. Advertisement. 187 Consumer Spending Account payments (includes but is not limited to Flexible Spending Account, Health Savings Account, Health Reimbursement Account, etc.) 188 This product/procedure is only covered when used according to FDA recommendations.Mar …Code. Description. Reason Code: 119. Benefit maximum for this time period or occurrence has been reached. Remark Codes: M86. Service denied because payment already made for same/similar procedure within set time frame.Secondary Claim Information Missing or Invalid (Loop 2430) - Each line must balance; Line Charge Amount (SV102 [HCFA]/SV203 [UB]) = Line sum of Adjustment Amts (CAS) + Line Payer Paid Amt (SVD02) This means that your Secondary Claim has not made it to the Secondary Insurance Payer. Your Claim has been rejected at the Clearinghouse.Code. Description. Reason Code: 35. Lifetime benefit maximum has been reached. Remark Codes: N370. Billing exceeds the rental months covered/approved by the payer.Central Government Act. Section 49 in The Code Of Criminal Procedure, 1973. 49. No unnecessary restraint. The person arrested shall not be subjected to more restraint than …This value or value 58 is required on the initial bill for oxygen therapy and on the fourth month's bill. The hospital reports right justified in the cents area. Round to nearest whole percentage, i.e., report 56.5 as 57 to the right of the cents delimiter. Codes 58 & 59 are not money amounts.

Mercedes morr funeral pictures.

Peach gelato strain leafly.

What does the code PR204 mean? A PR-204 indicates that the service/equipment/drug in question is not covered by the patient's current insurance plan. ... Denial reason codes are standard messages that are used to describe or provide information to medical providers and patients about the reasons for denying claims. As a means of alleviating ...would be liable for the item and/or service, and group code CO must be used. A provider is prohibited from billing a Medicare beneficiary for any adjustment amount identified with a CO group code, but may bill a beneficiary for an adjustment amount identified with a PR group code. Medicare contractors are permitted to use the following group codes: The denial code we are getting is CO97 which states "The benefit for this service... Menu. Forums. New posts Search forums. Wiki Posts. All Wiki Posts Recent Wiki Posts. ... the line item on the second claim is denied using a Group code of CO, instead of PR. If G0439 claim is received and a G0438 or G0439 has been paid within the last 12 months ...Insurance has taken responsibility to pay for $140 with $20 patient responsibility. Here, the write-off amount is $40, which signals the use of the CO 45 denial code. While posting this claim, the payment posting team will write-off $40 and post the payment of $140. The balance of $20 is then sent to the patient/secondary insurance.EOP Message Codes Code Message Print Date: 08/09/2010 Page 1 of 75 An Independent Licensee of the Blue Cross Blue Shield Association. 069 NO ANNUAL ELECTION AMOUNT ON FILE. YOUR ANNUAL ELECTION MUST BE REPORT ED BY YOUR EMPLOYER BEFORE EXPENSES MAY BE REIMBURSED FROM YOUR FSA.49 These are non covered services because this is a routine exam or screening procedure done in conjunction with a routine exam. 50 These are non covered services because this is not deemed a "medical necessity" by the payer. Medicare denial reason code -1. Medicare denial reason code - 2. Medicare denial reason code - 3.Check 275 denial code reason and description. ... (deductible, coinsurance, co-payment) not covered. (Use only with Group Code PR) Start: 11/01/2015 Denied as duplicate. The service(s) where paid under your previous provider number. 275 ADJUSTMENT REASON CODE. Denial code 275. 275 REMARK CODE. 275. Similar 275 Denial Codes. 284 Denial Code. 289 ...Reason/Remark Code Lookup. Use the Code Lookup to find the narrative for ANSI Claim Adjustment Reason Codes (CARC) and Remittance Advice Remark Codes (RARC). You can also search for Part A Reason Codes. Claim Adjustment Reason Codes explain why a claim was paid differently than it was billed. Remittance Advice Remark Codes provide additional ... ….

Denial Code - 183 described as "The referring provider is not eligible to refer the service billed". 1) Get the Denial date and check why this referring provider is not eligible to refer the service billed. 2) Review all claims in the application for this provider with same CPT and DX combinations to see if any were paid.Review applicable Local Coverage Determination (LCD), LCD Policy Article prior to billing for bundling, usual maximum quantities, kits, etc. View common reasons for Reason 234 and Remark Code N20 denials, the next steps to correct such a denial, and how to avoid it in the future.Denial Group Codes - PR, CO, CR and OA explanation, Group Code PR, Group Code OA, Remark codes at the service line level must be reported in the ASC X12 835 LQ segment. ... Free Shipping On Orders $49+ Amazing Chewy Promo code for a 30% Discount on toys and treats!Navigating the labyrinthine world of medical billing can often be likened to solving an intricate puzzle. At the heart of this puzzle are denial codes - the catalysts that can either streamline revenue cycles or throw them into disarray. With a comprehensive understanding of denial codes and cutting-edge solutions like Adonis Intelligence, healthcare providers can wield an impeccable blend ...Answer. Description. 151 is the reason code. Payment has been reduced because the payer believes that the information provided does not support this number of services or frequency of services. N115 is the code for the remark. It was determined that this was the case via a Local Coverage Determination (LCD).CO 18: Duplicate Service or Claim. This denial code is self-explanatory. It occurs when a medical provider or the billing team submits the same service or claim more than once to the patient’s insurance company. Typically, the insurance company will process the original claim it receives while denying all subsequent claims.Code. Description. Reason Code: 50. These are non-covered services because this is not deemed a 'medical necessity' by the payer. Remark Code: N115. This decision was based on a Local Coverage Determination (LCD). An LCD provides a guide to assist in determining whether a particular item or service is covered.Resubmitting the entire claim will cause a duplicate claim denial. CO-B7 This provider was not certified/eligible to be paid for this procedure/service on this date of service. Note: Refer to the 835 Healthcare Policy Identification Segment (loop 2110 Service Payment Information REF), if present. N570 Missing/incomplete/invalid credentialing data. Pr 49 denial code, CO 45 Denial Code. CO 45 Denial Code - Charges exceed the fee schedule/maximum allowable or contracted/legislated fee arrangement. This CO 45 Denial code is denoted on the EOB/ERA from an insurance company, when the insurance plan contractually allowed amount is lesser than physician billed charges. So it's typically reference to the ..., code sets instead of proprietary codes to explain any adjustment in the payment. As a result, a significant number of remark code changes in the future will be requested by non-Medicare entities, and may not impact Medicare. Traditionally, remark code changes that impact Medicare are requested by Medicare staff in conjunction with …, 49 – Internet claim. Page 2. Section 3. The Remittance Advice. August 2018. 3.2. 50 ... PR = Patient Responsibility. RSN. The Claim Adjustment Reason Code is the ..., Denial Group Codes - PR, CO, CR and OA explanation, Group Code PR, Group Code OA, Remark codes at the service line level must be reported in the ASC X12 835 LQ segment. ... Free Shipping On Orders $49+ Amazing Chewy Promo code for a 30% Discount on toys and treats!, Net Medicare allowable amount is: $12.00. Balance $6.00 stated as CO 23 Denial Code - The impact of prior payer (s) adjudication including payments and/or adjustments. In the above second example, Primary BCBS insurance allowed amount is $140.00, in that they have paid $122.00 and coinsurance amount is $18.00 (Coinsurance amount transferred ..., 2) Remittance Advice (RA) Remark Codes are 2 to 5 characters and begin with N, M, or MA. 4) Some deny EX Codes have an equivalent Adjustment Reason Code, but do not have a RA Remark Code. 3) Each Adjustment Reason Code begins the string of Adjustment Reason Codes / RA Remark Codes that translate to one or more PHC EX Code(s). If a, claim adjustment reason codes crosswalk ex code carc. rarc description type ex*1 ; 95: ... adjustment: $ due in additional to original payment made for services : pay: ... 49: m86 : deny: these are noncovered services because this is a routine exam : deny: ex4a : 16;, Jul 3, 2016 · Payment included in another service - CO 97, M15, M144 AND N70, We received a denial with claim adjustment reason code (CARC) PR 49. What steps can we take to avoid this denial? , DENIAL OF BAIL FOR VIOLATION OF CERTAIN COURT ORDERS OR CONDITIONS OF BOND IN A FAMILY VIOLENCE CASE. (a) In this article, "family violence" has the meaning assigned by Section 71.004, ... 49.06, or 49.061, Penal Code, or an offense under Section 49.045, 49.07, or 49.08 of that code: (1) have installed on the motor vehicle owned by the ..., Common Reasons for Denial. Prior authorization 14-byte Unique Tracking Number (UTN) was not appended to claim; Special modifier to bypass the prior authorization process was not appended to claim line. This HCPCS code requires prior authorization; Next Steps. Correct claim and rebill with the 14-byte UTN provided within the affirmative decision ..., LOGANDALE, NV. Best answers. 0. Apr 22, 2016. #2. In general, most offices only contract with the 1st insurance, having a secondary is not a guarantee of payment. As stated, the 2ndry is denying for not being allowed in the contract. I would bill the patient as directed by Medicare. C., You can easily access coupons about "Rev Aetna Denial Code Pr 288" by clicking on the most relevant deal below. › Aetna Denial Code Co 261 › Aetna Denial Code 226 ... (Use only with Group Codes PR or CO depending upon liability) 49 This is a non-covered service . Start: May 1, 2022 Get Offer. Offer. Reason/remark Code Lookup - Wps ..., Definitions. CARC: Claim Adjustment Reason Codes communicate an adjustment, meaning that they must communicate why a claim or service line was paid differently than it was billed.If there is no adjustment to a claim/line, then there is no adjustment reason code. RARC: Remittance Advice Remark Codes are used to provide additional explanation for an adjustment already described by a Claim ..., If you see the procedure codes list 99381 to 99387 (New patient Initial comprehensive preventive medicine), it should bee coded based on the patient's age. 99381 coded when patient's age younger than 1 year. 99382 coded when patient's age 1 through 4 years. 99383 age 5 through 11 years. 99384 age 12 through 17 years., Medicare denial codes, reason, remark and adjustment codes.Medicare, UHC, BCBS, Medicaid denial codes and insurance appeal. ... 49 These are non-covered services because this is a routine exam or screening procedure done in conjunction with a routine exam. ... MCR - 835 Denial Code List PR - Patient Responsibility - We could bill the patient ..., How to Avoiding denial reason code PR 49 Q: We received a denial with claim adjustment reason code (CARC) PR 49. What steps can we take to avoid this denial? Routine examinations and related services are not covered., 11-May-2023 ... The Court of Appeals for the First Circuit affirmed the denial of immunity, over a dissent. ... 22–49, p. 11a, n. 3;. Page 17. 3. Cite as: 598 ..., Reason Code 82: Patient Interest Adjustment (Use Only Group code PR) Reason Code 83: Statutory Adjustment. Reason Code 84: Transfer amount. Reason Code 85: Adjustment amount represents collection against receivable created in prior overpayment. Reason Code 86: Professional fees removed from charges. Reason Code 87: Ingredient …, A: This denial reason code is received when a procedure code is billed with an incompatible diagnosis for payment purposes, and the ICD-10 code (s) submitted is/are not covered under an LCD or NCD. • Medicare contractors develop an LCD when there is no NCD or when there is a need to further define an NCD. • LCDs specify the clinical ..., Routine Service. CARC / RARC. Description. PR -49. This is a non-covered service because it is a routine/preventive exam or a diagnostic/screening procedure done in conjunction with a routine/preventive exam. Note: Refer to the 835 Healthcare Policy Identification Segment (loop 2110 Service Payment Information REF), if present., CO 45 Denial Code. CO 45 Denial Code - Charges exceed the fee schedule/maximum allowable or contracted/legislated fee arrangement. This CO 45 Denial code is denoted on the EOB/ERA from an insurance company, when the insurance plan contractually allowed amount is lesser than physician billed charges. So it's typically reference to the ..., Definitions. CARC: Claim Adjustment Reason Codes communicate an adjustment, meaning that they must communicate why a claim or service line was paid differently than it was billed.If there is no adjustment to a claim/line, then there is no adjustment reason code. RARC: Remittance Advice Remark Codes are used to provide additional explanation for an adjustment already described by a Claim ..., Description. Reason Code: 50. These are non-covered services because this is not deemed a 'medical necessity' by the payer. Remark Code: N130. Consult plan benefit documents/guidelines for information about restrictions for this service., BCBS insurance denial codes differ state to state and we could not refer one state denial code to other denial. Here we have list some of th... Venipuncture CPT codes - 36415, 36416, G0471, The following is a look at denial codes recently reported by the Florida carrier. These codes are universal, as are the prescribed strategies for correcting them. Common Reasons for Denials. CO 18 - Duplicate claim. When one line item must be re-billed, re-bill only that line item. If you are unable to do this, contact your software support ..., Explanation of Benefit (EOB), Claim Adjustment Reason Codes (CARC) and Remittance Advice Remark Codes (RARC) may appear on a ... CODE 20150715 22991231 19000101 22991231 16 Claim/service lacks information or has ..., The Reason code on the EOB is "PR-49 This is a non-covered service because it is a routine/preventive exam or a diagnostic/screening procedure done in conjunction with a routine/preventive exam." The physician tends to use that Z76.89 Dx code as first listed for our new patient appointments. However, I did have another denial where that was not ..., • The CARC codes PR 1, 2, or 3 reflects presponsibility atient (PR) as follows: PR 1- ... payment or denial within 30 days of the transmission of the claim. For additional provisions of the No Surprises Act to be fulfilled , the health plan must furnish, View common corrections for reason code CO-45 and PR-45. Jurisdiction E - Medicare Part B. California, Hawaii, Nevada, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Denial Reason, Reason/Remark Code(s) • PR-B9: Patient is enrolled in a Hospice • Procedures: All, especially CPT code 99308, 99309 and 99232, Code. Description. Reason Code: 150. Payer deems the information submitted does not support this level of service. Remark Codes: N115. This decision was based on a Local Coverage Determination (LCD)., 49 These are non-covered services because this is a routine exam or screening procedure done in ... FIGURE 2.G-1 DENIAL CODES (CONTINUED) ADJUST/DENIAL REASON CODE DESCRIPTION ... (Use only with Group Code PR). 276 Services denied by the prior payer(s) are not covered by this payer. ..., < Ç } v & ] & u ] o Ç } ( , o Z W o v E Á v µ v Æ o v ] } v } ( v ( ] ~ K } r ( ( ] À : µ v í U î ì î ì . o ] u i µ u v Z } v } Z ( ] v ] ] } vZ u ] v Z u l } Z Z ( ] v ] ] } v